hawkslet



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

T. HAWKSLEY. DRY SYSTEM OF DISPOSING 0F SEWAGE, &c.

No. 334,433. I Patented Jan. 19, 1886.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 2.

T. HAWKSLEY.

DRY SYSTEM OF DISPOSING 0F SEWAGE, &c.

No. 334,436. Patented Jan. 19, 1886.

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HD M M E T S Y S Y R D (No Model.)

Patented Jan. 19, 1886.

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UNITED $TATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS HAWKLEY, OF. BRIGHTON, COUNTY OF SUSSEX, ENGLAND.

DRY SYSTEM OF DISPOSING OF SEWAGE, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming paft of Letters Patent No. 334,436, dated January 19, 1886.

Application filed December 6, 1884. Serial No. 149,694. (No model.-) Patented in England August 30, 1884, No. 11,780; in Belgium November 21, 1864, No. 66,961; in France November 22, 1884, No. 165,526; in Italy December 31, 1884, XVIII, 17,657,

XXXV, E0; in India January 12, 1895, No. 196; in' Austria-Hungary March 5, 1885, No. 44,656, and No.11,252, and in Canada June 13,1885, No. 21,867.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS HAWKSLEY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Brighton, in the county of Sussex, England, have invented a new and usefullmproved Dry System of Disposing of Sewage or Refuse Organic Matter in Dwellings or Elsewhere, of which the following is a specification, and which invention has been patented in the following countries,viz: Great Britain,No.11,780, dated August 30, 1884; Belgium, No. 66,961, dated November 21,1884; France, No. 165,526, dated N tvember 22, 1884; Italy, XVIII, 17,657, and XXXV, 80, dated December 31, 1884; India, No. 196, dated January 12, 1885; Austria-Hungary, No. 44,656 and No. 11,252, dated March 5, 1885, and in Canada, No. 21,867, dated June 13, 1885.

This invention relates, first, to an improved construction of dry earth or other deodorant closets, second, to the adaptation to and use with the said closet of a'paper lining provided with a suitable portion of dry earth or other suitable deodorizing medium; and, thirdly, to the combination,with the said closet, of a shaft adapted to convey the refuse matters from the closet to a suitable receiver or tank placed at the basement of the house or other convenient position,the said receiver being provided with a ventilating-shaft for conveying a constant current of air upward from the receiver to above the roof of the house.

The improved closet consists of a pan in two partsvidelicet, an upper part in the form of a short cylinder or ring, and a lower conical part divided vertically and provided with suitable mechanism,whereby the divided parts of the pan can be moved apart for the purpose of effecting the discharge of any matter therein; or the conical part of the pan, in place of being divided,may be adapted to be moved hingewise upon and away from the upper part of the pan. Within the said pan I place a loose bag or lining of suitable materialsnoh as paperand provided at the bottom with a portion of dry earth, so that when anything has been deposited within the paper or other lining and the parts of the divided pan are suddenly moved asunder (orthe lower part of be discharged into the shaft underneath the bottom of the pan and into the receiver below.

In order to enable my invention to be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 a front elevation, and Fig. 3 a transverse section, (on line a b of Fig.1,) of a closet constructed according to my invention, and with a pan having its lower or conical portion vertically divided. Fig. 4 is a front view of a closet with the lower or conical portion of the pan formed-in one piece; and Fig, 5 is a sectional elevation showing the arrangement of the closets, shafts, and receiver for a series of four closets on difl'erent floors.

Similar letters in all the figures represent similar or corresponding parts.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2, and

or arm, b, jointed at its upper part at a to a rod, 0, fixed on the said halves. The other ends of the levers or arms b are jointed together at d.

g is anordinary pull-handle, also jointed at d to the levers or arms b, so that when the said handle 9 is raised into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, the" two halves e e of the conical or lower part of the pan will be drawn away from .one another, as clearly.

shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. The divided parts 6 e of the pan are counterweighted at h h, or in any other suitable part, sothat when the handle g is released the parts automatically retake their normal position.-

i represents the loose bag or lining, of any suitable materialsnch as paper-ewhich is placed withinthe pan before any refuse is deposited therein, and '9' represents a portion of dry earth or other suitable deodorizing medium, preferably made into the form of a pyramidal packet, so as to conveniently fit the lower part or apex of the conical part of the pan. It will of course be understood that a supply of bags or linings and of packets of dry earth will be required to be kept in each closet ready for use. Each closet is placed over a shaft, as shown in Fig. 5, which represents the arrangement for four closets, one above the over on difl'erent floors.

It represents the wall of ahonse or building; Z l Z Z, the shafts, one for each closet m. I

n is the receiver placed under the shafts Z, and o is the ventilating pipe or shaft passing from the receiver a to above the top of the house, where it may be provided with a 'cowl,p.

The operation of the improved closet is as follows: If the parts are in the position shown in Figs.1,2,and 3 of the drawings,with a lining, 17. and a portion of dry earth or other dedorizing medium, j,within the pan,and refuse matter be deposited in the pan, it is then merely necessary to raise the handle 9 and the halves e e of the conical part of the pan will be moved away from one another, as shown in the dotted lines, Fig. 3, and the lining i, and with it thc'dry earth j and refuse matter, will be discharged or fall by gravity into the shaft Z, directly underneath the closet, and into the receiver 11, below the lining i, preserving the pan from being soiled,as the refuse matter will not come in contact therewith, but with the pa- ,per lining only. The refuse matter which falls into the receiver at will be deodorized by the dry earth or other deodorizer which falls into the receiver with it, and any dangerous or ofl'ensive air is prevented from passing into the house by being drawn up the ventilatingshaft 0.

The receiver n maybe emptied of its contents at any convenient time and in any convenient manner.

In the arrangement shown in Fig.4 the conical partof the pan, instead of being divided vertically,as hereinbefore described, and shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is hinged to the upper part, a, so that to discharge its contents it has to be moved into the position shown in dotted lines. I however prefer the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Having'now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same isto be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In adry-earth closet, aconical pan intwo parts, each part having a counterbalance serving automatically to close these parts together, in combination with a single pullhandle, and levers jointed to such handle,

serving to simultaneously draw the-two parts halves, as set forth, and normally held closed together, a loose or unattached flexible lining or bag,z', of suitable material, adapted for holding a portion or packet of deodorizing 'material, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with a set of closets for different stories of a building, such closets having conical-bowls divided into two halves normally held closed together, for the purposes set forth, the straight shafts l beneath the same, normally closed at their top, a receiver, n, beneath such shafts, and the fresh-air ventilating air-shaft 0 outside the building communicating directly with. the shaftsl at a point' near and directly over the receiver, the combination serving to prevent the passing of foul odors into the house and to carry them 011' outside of the house.

THOS. HAVVKSLEY.

Witnesses:

A. ALBUTT, B. BRADY. 

